Transition time and cost - some 40 to 60 years to scale and spread globally if a crash program were implemented, $50 to $100 trillion in cost of labor and materials for new infrastructure (assuming no debt nor resource availability nor weather-related nor civil unrest problems)
Debt problems not solved - massive debt, much of it tied to the infrastructure above (e.g. - loans to pay off the building of coal plants, etc.), limiting the above
Plastics, petro-chemicals, pesticides and fertilizers - still need fossil fuels
Population issues not solved - massive pressures in demographic trends (aging and costs in First World, growth in Developing World)
Natural resources depletion not solved - soil fertility, useable water, fish stocks, rare metals, minerals (phosphates, potash)
Clmate change - disruptions and costs and delays
Poet

I've noticed the LENR stuff, mainly thanks to Arthur Robey.. with a mixture of scepticism and intrigue.
It's getting slightly more mainstream when NASA features it..
http://technologygateway.nasa.gov/media/CC/lenr/lenr.html
Anyway.. let's try a thought experiment..
Let's assume.. somehow.. someway... that cheap energy (thermal / electrical) is viable..
How does that impact the liquid fuels (oil) problem, the economy and geopolitics long term.. ?
How would the prospect of cheap energy influence the near future ?